Befriending shoot evaluation

Current practices in corporate video

• Introduction: Corporate videos like all moving image productions have to make sure they deal with legal and ethical issues before and after it is released. Corporate videos have to deal with various amounts of legal aspects so they will not have any problems after the production has been made, These are fair use, Copyright, Privacy, Defamation, Courts, releases, Ethical and Technologies.
• Copyright: Copyright which appears is most moving image productions, Copyright exists to protect material from being stolen, copyright is infringed when a a certain part of a work is used without permission. When corporate videos are produced the people who produce it have to take into consideration what copyright they may face if they use a certain idea, images, music Etc, corporate videos like films, adverts and TV shows have to take these same aspects
  
  into consideration because most media is copyrighted so they have to follow the exact same rules, for example; A corporate video that wants to use a popular music soundtrack would have to have to pay the artist because if they did not this would be copyright infringement, they  are using a piece of media  that does not belong to them so they can therefore not use it without the artists permission. 
• Privacy: The privacy law means that when productions are made the court will determine someone’s right to a private and family life and the media’s right to film and write with freedom of expression. This means that filmmakers, journalist, reporters Etc have to be careful with what they write or film for legal reasons so they do not invade the privacy or others without permission. Corporate videos have to follow this rule so they aren't breaking this legal boundary which can lead onto a eventual lawsuit.
• Defamation:The law of defamation allows individuals, companies or firms to sue for damage to their reputation caused by material that is published and which makes defamatory comments about them. The way this could affect a corporate video would be if certain companies who would need a video would be trying to compare themselves to other rival companies, they would need to be careful what they would say so they would not therefore defamatory towards other individuals. for an example of this happening in the industry Michael Jackson being attacked by the media many years ago could account for defamation of character (http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-michael-jackson-nephews-lawsuit-20160727-snap-story.html)
• Fair use: is the referencing,copying or quoting the work of content creators for a personal use, fair use is when someone can safely use other peoples content without breaking any laws, for example YouTube content creators can use snippets of other content is there videos without facing any legal issues. But if it is used in a negative way or given the content or person a bad look or representation then it can infringe defamation laws.
  
  
  
• Ethical: Ethical problems in the industry can be morale issues which can affect the production, when making our corporate video for James Paget we had to take various precautions when filming to not cause any ethical issues with the hospital or its patients.
• Releases: Location, When filming corporate video productions you are usually needed to make location release forms to stop land owners to not have legal issues for the production when filming on their property. for example the series Big Bad World was filmed around Norfolk and the Yarmouth seafront. Talent releases are made for productions to avoid any legal trouble which be pursued by the actors, the actors family or their agents if anything bad happens. Material releases are just like other releases apart from that the materials owner gives the permission for a production company to use their content.
• Technology: an example of the type of equipment which is used in corporate videos would be a cannon 700D it's worth around the region of£ £400 which is quite a constraint on the budget of a corporate video but it gives the results creators need to use to get the best looking shot.

An example of editing equipment would adobe premier pro, its a program created for apple computers designed to edit films simply and to the best quality with this brand of editing software. its worth in the region £20 pound a month for the basic software and the premium software is £70 a month.

Ten minute short pre production

types of briefs

Briefs from Kain Brown

The Journey of a script

In the film industry their are many job roles involved in the process of a script writing these can be, Commissioning Editors, producers, script editors, screenwriters, directors and agents just to name a few. the people who are the commissioning bodies are in most cases, Corporations, Independent production companies, indie directors and competitions.

A commissioning editor is involved with the majority of process being involved in every single stage with the product. Commissioning editors are there to respond to proposals and to find new authors and writers. The commissioning editors role is the link between getting a product published because they have the power to decided if a script should be made. They also deal with contracts and making sure that clients meet deadlines on time. Commissioning editors also tend to work closely with the marketing team and production as well.

Producers of a production very important because they involved in all parts of a production. the producer is usually the first main person involved with the product and will usually work with the product long after it has been released. The producer role mainly is to turn the concept that a writer creates into a product and pushes the goals that are needed to reaching the stage. They bring the production team together and mostly responsible on how the overall product turns out.They are involved in 4 main
stages for the production which is; pre-production, production, development,
Marketing and post production.
at first they are responsible for securing rights for the product and overseeing the development of the production after choosing and bringing together the production team (screenwriters, directors and cinematographers etc) producers are always closely working with the production and the cast, they are also responsible for fundraising, budget and approving locations.
Eg; Brad Pitt  producer of films such as; Kick ass, Wolrd War Z, 12 years a slave and Fury etc


the Director of a production their role is for them to put what is written onto screen, making a visual and audible representation for screenplay. Which means they have to be creative and be able visually create the structure of the story. Their jobs involved with the production are script editing, editing and shot selection, Directors can have a script commissioned or be hired early to develop a vision for the first draft of the script. other roles for a director is selecting the right crew and cast for the production and locations while also dealing with the technical aspects of the production as well, this is lighting, camera work, sound and SFX, They lead the crew and make the majority of the decisions which go on with the filming of the production. They are there to make sure the production is successful. Eg; Ryan Couglar (photo above) director of; Fruitvale station, Black Panther and Creed etc

Script editors are generally freelance workers, are hired to judge and an overview of a script to decided weather it is Good enough to be worthy for it to be green lit, after they do this they help the screenwriter to write the script to a better quality by finding problems in script that have occurred and can be fixed. This is to therefore make the final product of the screenplay the best it can possibly.
they must help the screenwriter with important ideas and opinions and detailed explanation, which in the long term helps the screenwriter overall with their product.this also helps the producers.This allows the script to reach the best possible quality and treatment it can receive.

A script editors main responsibility is to make sure the script writer can tell the story to the best of their ability. they do this by explaining to them of what is the 'route' is of their story. They also do other tasks such as; setting out delivery deadlines, negotiating contracts etc.
Eg; Jeremy Page is a script editor who has worked on productions such as; last king of Scotland, second sight and the take etc.

An agent's main role is to find work for their clients, they do this by securing deals which are suited to clients and by staying organised with contacts they have gathered. the main ambition of a agent is to get the clients the best deals they possibly can and support their career overall.Agents have to have a very good perspective of the industry having a knowledge of what is currently in production and what is currently in works to be produced, this is so they can be able to find more jobs for their clients. Agents are also employed to negotiate fees and supervise contracts to make sure the clients is getting the best treatment possible. an agent and commissioning editor will typically work together to discuss contracts and certain arrangements. a script writer employing an agent means they have a much wider chance of getting into the industry much easier. Eg; Ari Emanuel is a well known talent agent within the industry he is known for representing clients such as Robert De Niro, Tom Cruise and Tom Hanks.

Screen writers who are known more for being freelance rather than mainly based by one production company, are mainly responsible for the entire narrative, writing the script, researching and delivering the finished product.screen writers pitch their ideas and intentions to producers so their script can be commissioned and also attract agents this also all depends on how well they sell their product, If their script is commissioned they setting out a canvas for the producers, composers, director and the actors to work with, this allows these people to put the words onto screen. Screen writers need to be able to write a script in a way that visually and verbally gives the people working on the film a clear idea of what needs to be on screen. Eg; Aaron Sorkin is well known writer for working with mainstream directors such as David Fincher and Danny Boyle, he has worked on such films like; The social network, Steve Jobs, A few good men and Moneyball.

Corporations are film larger film companies that put out multiple films a year, there 6 main names know as 'the big six' these companies are; Columbia pictures which are owned by Sony and know for such films as Men in black, Spider-man, The karate kid etc, Warner Bros a California based film company which are known for such films like Fargo, The Harry Potter saga and Gremlins, Walt Disney Pictures who are probably now the biggest grossing and popular film company now, from buying the rights to companies such as Lucas Films and Marvel pictures as well as releasing their own original films, they are known for releasing films such as; Star Wars the force awakens, The Avengers, Frozen, Finding Nemo etc. Universal pictures who are owned by NBC Universal who are known for creating films such as; Psycho, E.T, Jurassic park, Get out etc.
20th Century Fox who are owned by news corporation are an LA based film company which are known for creating films such as;  The Die Hard franchise, planet of the apes, avatar and the Simpson. Paramount pictures, are the last of the big six  they are currently owned by Viacom inc. they are know for releasing films such as star trek, mission impossible and the school of rock.

Indie production companies are more beneficial to smaller writers within the industry, these types of of film companies generally make their own scripts but they occasionally receive funding from larger production companies so revenue can be created both ways. this relates to the big six in terms of 'co-productions' indie film companies usually don't have massive funds to create films with well known actors and large budgets, but if they are financed by larger companies this benefits them very
much. an example of an indie production company would be liberty films who are the production company of the writer and director and the son of David Bowie Duncan Jones which have produced films such as; Moon, World of Warcraft and source code.

Indie directors and producers are people who can create a script or fund a production off their own finance, if  someone has the right amount of money to produce their own screenplay then they can be an indie director, this allows the person who becomes the indie director to have complete control of what is produced and financing the screenplay. being an indie producers means you have much more wright to bare on your shoulders with a production because all decisions to do with the production are made by you which means finish the overall product is much more harder in the long term. many big directors now write, direct and produce their own films for example; Joel and Ethan Coen (Coen brothers, write and produce their own films such as; the Big lebowski, Fargo, True Grit etc.

Competitions are when screenwriters send their scripts in for a certain format of film and submit it to a competition, this is either to receive recognition from film makers and companies, for cash money prizes or the chance to have their script commissioned and produced, many competitions are held all over the UK and america for script writers such as 'Blue Cat' or the 'BBC writers room'

Organisations are made to help writers be able to be assisted into making it into the industry they do not usually offer funding or contracts they offer assistance into allowing future writers get noticed. websites such as 'the script factory and industrial strips do this.

The role of a writer 

• Writing and pre-production: writers will start planning writing a script in three ways these are; Preparation, their first draft and rewriting to create the second draft. when preparing to write a script the first thing writers tend to do is research, they look for ideas in many ways to find out how they can put a good plot and ideas onto paper, this by doing such things like researching news stories, taking a look back at past experiences, watching other forms of media to create ideas to put onto paper. the length of research can vary between writers but it's usually about a month a writer would take to research.and make a an outline of characters, setting and plot. when then first draft is written the overall look of the script is not as complicated as the final draft, this is because writers like to make it mostly dialogue so they can develop the sense of he character better so they know what type of character they will have for the second draft, writers usually will make a rough draft and after they finish the will move onto the second draft so they can change problems and add scene directions and various other components to the script to make it better. when making a screenplay writers may do two of three more drafts after the first to make sure they correctly make the best overall screenplay they can translate onto screen. it usually happens in a sequence, the first draft will be written for dialogue and character development then the second will involve more scene directions with minimal dialogue this allows the writer to go into greater detail and after it is finished, a writer usually merges the two together to make a better script, this is usually the last draft.
• Director and producer involvement:when a screenwriter finishes writing the last draft, the script has been fully commissioned and its ready to be produced, the screenwriters involvement is rare, the director and the producers mainly take over for all other aspects of the production when the script is finished, but this all depends on the situation once the screenplay is sold the screenwriter will only be able to have the rights they signed upon on the contract. The producers role is to find the screenplay, get the rights to it and make the changes required so they can start shooting as soon as possible. after the team is picked for the production, the producer then has all the power to make the decisions on what happens with the productions. the directors role is basically just to turn the pages into visuals and they are involved with the script editing most of the time because they need to be able to visualise what is written. basically the director is overseeing how the script is being edited while the producer organises cast and crew.

Selling a script

• Agents - getting represented by an agent allows you to be able to sell your script with much more ease, an agent will allow the script writer to have the best possible contract, an agent is very important in a script writers journey to success because they need someone who they can trust and rely on in the industry and they also need someone who will be able to boost their career to and sort out legal and ethical issues.
• Royalty payments - when a writer sells a script, after everything has been produced they receive a percentage of the payments received for the production, these are called royalty payments, these are split between producers, the director and writers. the income is varied.

Legal and Ethical issues 

Plagiarism - this is a law created from other media outlets and individuals stealing the work of other individual.

Copyright - copy write was created to stop plagiarism in the industry, this means when a writer creates a script they have to have it copywritted so they therefore do not have their work stolen, but if it is stolen then whoever has stole it has broken legal boundaries and can be sued by the writer who produced the script.

Bias - this means if i writer is writes something about a difficult topic or side heavy situation, they can show a bias towards one of the sides, this is not particularly a legal issue its a morale one but it can still lead to problems with getting a script produced.

Censorship - is when certain rules are part into place to protect the public from watching in morale content. censorship has guidelines that creators must follow to make sure their content is not banned for example the BBFC review content so to see if there is any use of sexual content, graphic imagery, violence etc. this is also where watershed links, the watershed is when adult material must be aired after 9 this is to stop younger audiences from watching adult material.
libel: this is when if you are releasing a product it may affect someone psychically or mentally, screenwriters usually base their characters off actual people so it prevents them from causing legal or ethical issues.

 

Single camera production essay

Intro: The purpose of this essay is to address the key points and terms to do with single camera production and how it effects filming productions, what advantages it brings and what disadvantages it brings to the table.

Camera: When a single camera productions are made they usually only use a singular camera in the whole of the production this is depending on what type of scenes are filmed, if an action scene is filmed more than one camera usually has to be used. The camera is used as a form of getting the audience  into the production, its main function is to create realism in and create an intimate type of feel. Single camera production scenes are shot with many takes for the same scene to be acted out so the director can capture it from lots of different angles.

Lighting: The lighting in single camera productions is much easier to control that it would be in a production with multiple cameras because multiple cameras have to lit up so it is obviously more easy to maintain lighting with a singular camera.


Sound: Filming with sound in single camera productions is very different to how it would be filmed with multi camera, when recording with a singular camera only one microphone can be used because that is the only place being filmed so when in shot only a few things can be heard when in shot not with multi camera where multiple things can be filmed and recorded with sound. But when recording sound with single camera shots the audience can be more focused and immersed in the scene because they are hearing the dialogue exchange between to characters more easily but all other sound effects can be foleyed into the production afterwards.


Editing: When single camera production footage is filmed  the editing process is quite different to how it is edited through multi camera production, when making multi scenes many cameras can film all over scene, but because all the footage is filmed in a single camera on this type of production it has to be edited after all the footage has been recorded in its final cut, this saves less footage being wasted like in multi camera productions.


Genres and Formats: Television and film productions mostly go off single camera productions, but this usually depends upon the genre, for example; Comedies, romances and Horror and drama films and shows use single camera filming techniques because all of these genres convey a large amount of emotion and dialogue single camera techniques allow the audience to get the most of these emotions because Dialogue exchanges, Jump scares, disturbing imagery and emotional scenes can be better focused on genre single camera genre techniques. But on the other hand of multi camera techniques; Soap operas, Action films and News shows use these techniques to film their shows effectively for example; soap operas use multi camera because they film all over set and need the footage by shorter deadlines than normal productions because they are on everyday of the week. Action films also require multi camera because action scenes are much harder to film with a single camera because of the choreography and getting the right angles.

Multi Camera Techniques: Multi camera and Single camera techniques differ from, various ways, the main and most obvious way is that multi camera uses more than one camera to film with, but there are also other techniques that differ the two more, for example; multi camera is used to cover the entire scope of the scene so more footage can be used in case of the footage being poor, scenes which require more coverage through angles and movement such as action films require multi camera the majority of the time because it allows more footage to be filmed and more angles to be captured so they can edit from all angles making the editing and filming process easier

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

coporate video analysis

Corporate video from Kain Brown